Bacillus subtilis is a bacterium capable of differentiating into a spore form more resistant to environmental stress. Early in sporulation, each cell possesses two copies of a circular chromosome. A polar FtsZ ring (Z ring) directs septation over one of the chromosomes, generating two cell compartments. The smaller “forespore” compartment initially contains only 25 to 30% of one chromosome

1998-01-01 · Plo1p kinase is essential not only for formation of a bipolar spindle but also for septum formation: Ectopic expression of the protein can also trigger septum formation in interphase cells (Ohkura et al. 1995).

(E) After a molecular interaction between the muscular ventricular septum and the endocardial cushion cells (in bright blue), the membranous ventricular septum develops from the endocardial cushion cells and grows towards the muscular ventricular septum. The kinetics of localization suggest that this process requires the synthesis of a critical protein or set of proteins, which are needed to anchor the Com protein complex to the poles. We further show that the protein kinase proteins McsA and McsB are needed for delocalization, as are ClpP and either of the AAA + ( A TPases a ssociated with a variety of cellular a ctivities) proteins ClpC or ClpE. 2013-01-01 · Septum formation is regulated by the RHO4-specific exchange factors BUD3 and RGF3 and by the landmark protein BUD4 in Neurospora crassa Molecular Microbiology , 76 ( 1 ) ( 2010 ) , pp. 220 - 235 , 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07093.x The medial septum/diagonal band complex is composed predominantly of cholinergic and GABAergic neurons, and it projects to the hippocampal formation.

Protein complex that mediates the formation of the septum

FtsZ (Erickson, 1997), a GTP-binding protein, is consid-ered to be the bacterial counterpart of eukaryotic tubulin (de Boer et al., 1992; RayChaudhuri and Park, 1992). It mediates cell division by formation of the Z-ring (Bramhill Protein phosphorylation allows specific interactions with a clathrin adaptor protein complex The best characterized type of vesicle is the clathrin coated vesicle (CCV). The formation of a COPII vesicle at the endoplasmic reticulum and its transport to the Golgi body . Interaction between FtsW and penicillin‐binding protein 3 (PBP3) directs PBP3 to mid‐cell, controls cell septation and mediates the formation of a trimeric complex involving FtsZ, FtsW and PBP3 in mycobacteria.

May act as a pilot protein, directing MinCD to the polar septation sites or by inhibiting MinCD at the midcell site of division. Required for polar localization of the chromosome during sporulation.

It gives rise to the septum at cell division. The first of the proteins to be incorporated is FtsZ, which gave rise to the original name of the Z-ring. The B. subtilis divisomal protein DivIB localizes to midcell prior to septum formation and remains there throughout the entire invagination process.

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One of the distinct features of septum formation in filamentous fungi such as A. nidulans is the uncoupling of cell division from nuclear division (C lutterbuck 1970; H arris 2001; W alther and W endland 2003), which implies the existence of unique regulatory mechanisms that coordinate CAR assembly with mitosis (i.e., not every dividing nucleus is capable of triggering formation of a CAR). The cellular ESCRT-III (endosomal sorting complex required for transport-III) and Vps4 (vacuolar protein sorting 4) comprise a common machinery that mediates a variety of membrane remodelling events. Vps4 is essential for the machinery function by using the energy from ATP hydrolysis to disassemble the ESCRT-III polymer into individual proteins. For a protein to be recruited to the divisome, all of the proteins upstream from it in the hierarchical recruitment pathway must already be present at the septum.

To mediate its role in chromosome capture, RefZ must bind to specific DNA motifs (RBM s) that localize near the poles at the time of septation. Helps connect FtsZ to membrane but also recruits all other proteins that are necessary for formation of septum and cell wall.
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Protein complex that mediates the formation of the septum

The B. subtilis divisomal protein DivIB localizes to midcell prior to septum formation and remains there throughout the entire invagination process. Although its E. coli orthologue FtsQ was discovered 27 years ago ( Begg et al ., 1980 ), the role of DivIB and FtsQ in cytokinesis remains enigmatic.

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The cellular ESCRT-III (endosomal sorting complex required for transport-III) and Vps4 (vacuolar protein sorting 4) comprise a common machinery that mediates a variety of membrane remodelling events. Vps4 is essential for the machinery function by using the energy from ATP hydrolysis to disassemble the ESCRT-III polymer into individual proteins.

6 Dec 2020 I want to investigate experimentally in which order the interfaces of protein complexes are formed and to which extent structures of assembly

We analyzed the dynamic localization and interaction of Chs3 and Chs4 during cell division, and found that both proteins transiently co-localize and physically interact only during bud formation and later in a period during septum formation and cytokinesis. Fankhauser C, Simanis V. The cdc7 protein kinase is a dosage dependent regulator of septum formation in fission yeast. EMBO J. 1994 Jul 1; 13 (13):3011–3019. [PMC free article] Fankhauser C, Marks J, Reymond A, Simanis V. The Min System is a mechanism composed of three proteins MinC, MinD, and MinE used by E. coli as a means of properly localizing the septum prior to cell division. Mitotic-Spindle Organizing Protein MztA Mediates Septation Signaling the septum formation process through affecting the SPB-localized SIN proteins. Sid2-Mob1 is the terminal kinase complex Timely assembly of polar Z rings and precise capture of the chromosome in the forespore both require the DNA-binding protein RefZ. To mediate its role in chromosome capture, RefZ must bind to specific DNA motifs (RBM s) that localize near the poles at the time of septation.

2013-01-01 · Septum formation is regulated by the RHO4-specific exchange factors BUD3 and RGF3 and by the landmark protein BUD4 in Neurospora crassa Molecular Microbiology , 76 ( 1 ) ( 2010 ) , pp. 220 - 235 , 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07093.x The medial septum/diagonal band complex is composed predominantly of cholinergic and GABAergic neurons, and it projects to the hippocampal formation. A proportion of the GABAergic neurons contain parvalbumin, a calcium-binding protein that has previously been localized in fast-spiking, non-accommodating GABAergic neurons in the cerebral cortex and neostriatum. Cell division of Staphylococcus adopts a “popping” mechanism that mediates extremely rapid separation of the septum. Elucidating the structure of the septum is crucial for understanding this exceptional bacterial cell division mechanism. of proteins likely to form a multiprotein complex is crucial to the formation of the septum during bacterial cell division (Donachie, 1993; Margolin, 2005; Rothﬁeld et al., 2005).